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Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Quisque erat diam, suscipit et vestibulum sed, aliquam eget odio. Ut auctor arcu eget nisi viverra malesuada. Nunc finibus laoreet lacus, fringilla condimentum tortor. In sit amet sapien tellus. Sed non est nec neque aliquet semper. Donec sed feugiat dui. Vivamus id mauris hendrerit, pretium nisi placerat, dignissim eros.

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Curabitur id hendrerit eros, et congue leo. Morbi facilisis, dolor id vulputate maximus, neque diam ullamcorper ante, nec fermentum dui arcu quis nisl. Pellentesque nec condimentum nibh, id volutpat arcu. Suspendisse semper venenatis diam, at interdum magna cursus vel. Sed suscipit volutpat tempor. Maecenas pharetra non sapien in fermentum. Vestibulum ante ipsum primis in faucibus orci luctus et ultrices posuere cubilia Curae; Vivamus laoreet, ligula vel varius gravida, nulla libero fringilla justo, vitae euismod enim velit eget mauris. Mauris vestibulum turpis elit, id scelerisque lorem faucibus sed. Curabitur in tincidunt mauris. Ut velit magna, aliquam quis lacinia eget, suscipit quis tellus. Mauris ut ante arcu. Maecenas finibus porttitor dui sed accumsan.

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From these two facts it follows that there exists a "Great Filter." The Great Filter can be thought of as a probability barrier. It consists of exist one of more highly improbable evolutionary transitions or steps whose occurrence is required in order for an Earth‐like planet to produce an intelligent civilization of a type that would be visible to us with our current observation technology. You start with billions and billions of potential germination points for life, and you end up with a sum total of zero extraterrestrial civilizations that we can observe. The Great Filter must therefore be powerful enough — which is to say, the critical steps must be improbable enough — that even with many billions rolls of the dice, one ends up with nothing: no aliens, no spacecraft, no signals, at least none that we can detect in our neck of the woods.

For example, perhaps it is very, very improbable that even simple self‐replicators should emerge on any given Earth‐like planet. Attempts to create life in the laboratory by mixing water and gases believed to have existed in the early atmosphere on Earth have failed to get much beyond the synthesis of a few simple amino acids. No instance of abiogenesis has ever been observed.

From these two facts it follows that there exists a "Great Filter." The Great Filter can be thought of as a probability barrier. It consists of exist one of more highly improbable evolutionary transitions or steps whose occurrence is required in order for an Earth‐like planet to produce an intelligent civilization of a type that would be visible to us with our current observation technology. You start with billions and billions of potential germination points for life, and you end up with a sum total of zero extraterrestrial civilizations that we can observe. The Great Filter must therefore be powerful enough — which is to say, the critical steps must be improbable enough — that even with many billions rolls of the dice, one ends up with nothing: no aliens, no spacecraft, no signals, at least none that we can detect in our neck of the woods.

For example, perhaps it is very, very improbable that even simple self‐replicators should emerge on any given Earth‐like planet. Attempts to create life in the laboratory by mixing water and gases believed to have existed in the early atmosphere on Earth have failed to get much beyond the synthesis of a few simple amino acids. No instance of abiogenesis has ever been observed.

From these two facts it follows that there exists a "Great Filter." The Great Filter can be thought of as a probability barrier. It consists of exist one of more highly improbable evolutionary transitions or steps whose occurrence is required in order for an Earth‐like planet to produce an intelligent civilization of a type that would be visible to us with our current observation technology. You start with billions and billions of potential germination points for life, and you end up with a sum total of zero extraterrestrial civilizations that we can observe. The Great Filter must therefore be powerful enough — which is to say, the critical steps must be improbable enough — that even with many billions rolls of the dice, one ends up with nothing: no aliens, no spacecraft, no signals, at least none that we can detect in our neck of the woods.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Quisque erat diam, suscipit et vestibulum sed, aliquam eget odio. Ut auctor arcu eget nisi viverra malesuada. Nunc finibus laoreet lacus, fringilla condimentum tortor. In sit amet sapien tellus. Sed non est nec neque aliquet semper. Donec sed feugiat dui. Vivamus id mauris hendrerit, pretium nisi placerat, dignissim eros.

Nunc euismod dictum lorem id rutrum. Ut feugiat purus vel malesuada vestibulum. Sed iaculis laoreet viverra. Curabitur fermentum urna risus, et blandit libero scelerisque ut. Nam sed consequat metus, eu lobortis velit. Maecenas metus odio, tincidunt ac hendrerit non, pellentesque eu urna. Quisque vitae augue vel velit rhoncus sodales at sit amet sem. Aenean ac leo urna. Duis ullamcorper eleifend orci sit amet posuere. Donec dignissim est eget sagittis rutrum. Nulla bibendum nisl vel risus egestas, eu ultricies elit pretium.

Curabitur id hendrerit eros, et congue leo. Morbi facilisis, dolor id vulputate maximus, neque diam ullamcorper ante, nec fermentum dui arcu quis nisl. Pellentesque nec condimentum nibh, id volutpat arcu. Suspendisse semper venenatis diam, at interdum magna cursus vel. Sed suscipit volutpat tempor. Maecenas pharetra non sapien in fermentum. Vestibulum ante ipsum primis in faucibus orci luctus et ultrices posuere cubilia Curae; Vivamus laoreet, ligula vel varius gravida, nulla libero fringilla justo, vitae euismod enim velit eget mauris. Mauris vestibulum turpis elit, id scelerisque lorem faucibus sed. Curabitur in tincidunt mauris. Ut velit magna, aliquam quis lacinia eget, suscipit quis tellus. Mauris ut ante arcu. Maecenas finibus porttitor dui sed accumsan.

Quisque pharetra sapien sed risus mattis egestas. Pellentesque congue ut dui vel pulvinar. Morbi sed enim blandit, placerat eros at, auctor mauris. Integer quis neque ultricies, iaculis odio id, ullamcorper erat. Pellentesque non imperdiet lorem, a imperdiet odio. Nunc diam magna, pharetra id leo ut, commodo cursus enim. Aliquam erat volutpat. Mauris semper enim ut facilisis viverra. Pellentesque a orci consequat, suscipit ante sit amet, rhoncus enim. Fusce gravida lacus sit amet lorem faucibus, et vehicula quam mollis. Vivamus vitae purus turpis. Phasellus vehicula felis venenatis massa aliquam, quis pharetra justo finibus. Praesent eros nisl, interdum sit amet purus non, convallis elementum justo. Nulla vel ultrices tellus. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Proin ut eros nec justo porttitor porta ut sit amet leo.

Maecenas vel interdum lectus. Mauris eu commodo diam, pellentesque aliquet sem. Phasellus sed augue quam. Nam fermentum turpis vitae bibendum pretium. Sed fermentum sem eu pellentesque vulputate. Curabitur gravida odio sit amet augue consectetur, eget congue dolor venenatis. Ut sed augue imperdiet ipsum ullamcorper suscipit. Duis nec ullamcorper odio, nec vehicula justo. Sed ornare massa vitae convallis maximus. Cras convallis metus odio, sit amet semper libero interdum eget.

Sed at pellentesque lacus. Donec eu enim eget lorem aliquam lobortis. Mauris non odio suscipit, consequat odio quis, venenatis eros. Sed id est id libero lobortis lobortis sed a massa. Pellentesque lorem erat, posuere ac lobortis eget, semper sed nisl. Sed auctor ornare vestibulum. Curabitur et nibh blandit ipsum sodales aliquet eget id purus.

Proin varius ornare nibh ac consequat. Donec elementum odio vel vulputate viverra. Cras ac ultricies ligula. Mauris ac suscipit lectus. Suspendisse a rhoncus eros, et auctor augue. Suspendisse sit amet commodo libero, nec interdum tortor. Vivamus tincidunt nec tortor vitae cursus. Ut laoreet consequat orci, id condimentum lectus vulputate in. Sed dignissim, enim eget ullamcorper efficitur, velit urna scelerisque orci, id tempus elit quam at turpis. Aliquam erat volutpat. Cras nibh tortor, rhoncus vel metus in, blandit luctus dolor. Donec elementum ipsum velit, eu facilisis risus mollis nec. Nullam nec nunc nisl.